The Yassification of Emily Brontë

The Yassification of Emily Brontë

Kate Bush sang about it. Monty Python satirised it. Cliff Richard even turned it into a terrible stage musical. Emily Brontë’sWuthering Heights, the classic tale of doomed love and revenge, has inspired countless adaptations ranging from the terrific to the terrible.

Director William Wyler was the first to bring the story to life on film, casting Laurence Olivier as a brooding, capital “R” Romantic Heathcliff, the novel’s tortured antihero. In 1967, the BBC version featured a chiselled Ian McShane alongside Angela Scoular as Cathy. The 90s saw Sinéad O’Connor star as Brontë herself in a meta take on the dual narrator, while Andrea Arnold’s 2011 version was praised for casting a black actor as Heathcliff and tackling head-on the novel’s contested treatment of race.

Cinema has enjoyed a long love affair with this dense, disturbing, complicated, enduring text. Every generation has its adaptation – one that captures the zeitgeist and speaks to the prevailing moods, trends, fashions and attitudes of the time. No wonder then, that our Wuthering Heights, or, sorry, “Wuthering Heights”, is so divisive. And dumb.

Wuthering-lite

Ever since the first trailer was released in late 2025, Saltburn director Emerald Fennell’s vision of Brontë’s gothic romance has been controversial. There’s been much pearl-clutching about fidelity to the novel, and book purists have spurned Fennell as some kind of heretic for daring to rip up the rulebook. From the casting of Aussies Margot Robbie and Jacob Elordi to the anachronistic costumes and aggressively sexual overtones, no detail has been spared the critics’ wrath.

So it was hard to keep an open mind while watching it. But reserve judgement I did, despite being thoroughly tested by some thoroughly ridiculous scenes (namely, oozing egg yolks; a woman being tied up with a bridle; a bedroom with wallpaper made of skin).

There are countless superlatives I could use, but at its core, the film is a bonkfest. A trashy, high-camp, maximalist fever dream. It’s an adaptation for our post-Bridgerton world, where the period drama has burst free from its tightly laced corset and now must be bolder, louder and, most importantly, raunchier. It’s so far from the novel that Fennell quite rightly put the title in quotation marks.

I’m not really concerned about whether the film’s a faithful or a traitor, or even how many stars it deserves. What’s more interesting is how little it says about anything, underneath all the frills and thrills, and even though it’s derived from some of the richest source material in our literary canon.

Dopamine farming

If you’re not chronically online, you might be unfamiliar with the slang term “yassification”. It originally referred to a trend that saw highly exaggerated beauty filters edited on photos of celebs and historical figures to make them look absurdly made-up – almost beyond recognition.

Has Wuthering Heights been yassified? Fennell’s style-over-substance approach is visually stimulating and fairly entertaining, but ultimately shallow. Any thematic complexity has been sanded off to the point that a Vulture critic in The Cut called it a “smooth-brained Wuthering Heights”. Because that’s what we all need, right? Even more mindless content to dose us with dopamine.

In our attention economy only the most shocking and hyper-stimulating content cuts through. While plenty of great films do shock and sex well, the sensory spectacle of “Wuthering Heights” feels engineered for virality. I was reminded of BookTok, and the way it’s changed how the publishing industry targets readers by pushing popular tropes like #EnemiesToLovers and #SlowBurn. Fennell has done the same, reducing Wuthering Heights to a marketable slogan: “The greatest love story of all time”.

For me, her adaptation represents a broader cultural shift in which “vibes” are priced and prided above all else. Content that’s easy to digest, that makes us feel more than it makes us think, is having its moment. It’s no surprise, then, that Fennell chose Charli XCX, whose hit album Brat became a cultural vibe in its own right, to create the film’s soundtrack. There’s a burgeoning debate about the role of “vibes” in everything from finance to politics. Cultural critic Ted Gioia has argued this has left us in a “crisis of seriousness” in which all sincerity has been lost. And it’s true that “Wuthering Heights” is deeply unserious at times.

Maybe I’m overthinking it. Should I really complain about a film that, despite its flaws, has packed cinemas and introduced a whole new wave of fans to Brontë? It was pretty fun, and its divisiveness is part of what’s made it so popular. But I’m not sure vibes and provocation are enough. When the sugar rush wears off, it’s hard not to crave something a little more substantial.

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